Startup/Shutdown Options in Oracle Database

Oracle Database Startup and Shutdown commands

SYSDBA or SYSOPER (or SYSASM in ASM instance) system privilege is required to issue the STARTUP & SHUTDOWN commands, in Oracle.

Startup options

STARTUP [FORCE][RESTRICT][NOMOUNT][MIGRATE][QUIET]
[PFILE=file_name | SPFILE=file_name]
[MOUNT [EXCLUSIVE] database_name | OPEN READ {ONLY | WRITE [RECOVER]}
| RECOVER database_name]
STARTUP
STARTUP OPEN
STARTUP OPEN READ ONLY
STARTUP OPEN READ WRITE
STARTUP OPEN WRITE RECOVER
STARTUP OPEN RECOVER;
STARTUP OPEN database_name PFILE='/path/' PARALLEL
STARTUP NOMOUNT
STARTUP MOUNT (or STARTUP MOUNT EXCLUSIVE or STARTUP MOUNT SHARED)
STARTUP RESTRICT
STARTUP RESTRICT MOUNT
STARTUP [PFILE='/path/'] {UPGRADE | DOWNGRADE} [QUIET]
STARTUP UPGRADE
STARTUP DOWNGRADE
STARTUP MIGRATE
STARTUP FORCE (= SHUT IMMEDIATE + STARTUP)
STARTUP FORCE pfile='/path/'
STARTUP FORCE RESTRICT PFILE='/path/' OPEN [database_name]
STARTUP pfile
STARTUP pfile = '/path/'
STARTUP spfile
STARTUP spfile = '/path/'

NOMOUNT -- Background processes will be started upon reading the parameter file (initSID.ora) or server parameter file (spfileSID.ora) at $ORACLE_SID/dbs and allocate the shared memory and semaphores.
MOUNT -- control files will be read and opened.
OPEN -- datafiles, redolog files are opened.

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Shutdown options

SHUTDOWN {NORMAL | TRANSACTIONAL [LOCAL] | IMMEDIATE | ABORT}
SHU
SHUT
SHUTDOWN
SHUTDOWN NORMAL

SHUTDOWN TRANSACTIONAL

SHUTDOWN TRANSACTIONAL LOCAL     -- in RAC environment
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
SHUTDOWN ABORT

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Misc

alter database mount;
alter database open;
alter database open;
alter database close;
alter database mount;
alter database dismount;
alter database open read only;
alter database mount exclusive;
alter database mount standby database;


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